CVE-2025-21857

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: cls_api: fix error handling causing NULL dereference

tcf_exts_miss_cookie_base_alloc() calls xa_alloc_cyclic() which can
return 1 if the allocation succeeded after wrapping. This was treated as
an error, with value 1 returned to caller tcf_exts_init_ex() which sets
exts->actions to NULL and returns 1 to caller fl_change().

fl_change() treats err == 1 as success, calling tcf_exts_validate_ex()
which calls tcf_action_init() with exts->actions as argument, where it
is dereferenced.

Example trace:

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
CPU: 114 PID: 16151 Comm: handler114 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 5.14.0-503.16.1.el9_5.x86_64 #1
RIP: 0010:tcf_action_init+0x1f8/0x2c0
Call Trace:
 tcf_action_init+0x1f8/0x2c0
 tcf_exts_validate_ex+0x175/0x190
 fl_change+0x537/0x1120 [cls_flower]
ProviderTypeBase ScoreAtk. VectorAtk. ComplexityPriv. RequiredVector
NISTNIST
5.5 MEDIUM
LOCAL
LOW
LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
LinuxCNA
---
---
Base Score
CVSS 3.x
EPSS Score
Percentile: 1%
VendorProductVersion
linuxlinux_kernel
6.3 ≤
𝑥
< 6.6.80
linuxlinux_kernel
6.7 ≤
𝑥
< 6.12.17
linuxlinux_kernel
6.13 ≤
𝑥
< 6.13.5
linuxlinux_kernel
6.14:rc1
linuxlinux_kernel
6.14:rc2
linuxlinux_kernel
6.14:rc3
𝑥
= Vulnerable software versions
Debian logo
Debian Releases
Debian Product
Codename
linux
bullseye
5.10.223-1
not-affected
bookworm
6.1.129-1
not-affected
bullseye (security)
5.10.234-1
fixed
bookworm (security)
6.1.128-1
fixed
trixie
6.12.20-1
fixed
sid
6.12.21-1
fixed
Ubuntu logo
Ubuntu Releases
Ubuntu Product
Codename
linux
oracular
needed
noble
needed
jammy
not-affected
focal
not-affected
bionic
not-affected
xenial
not-affected
trusty
not-affected
linux-allwinner-5.19
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-aws
oracular
needed
noble
needed
jammy
not-affected
focal
not-affected
bionic
not-affected
xenial
not-affected
trusty
not-affected
linux-aws-5.0
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
dne
bionic
ignored
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-aws-5.11
oracular
dne
noble
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jammy
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focal
ignored
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-aws-5.13
oracular
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noble
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jammy
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focal
ignored
bionic
dne
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dne
trusty
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linux-aws-5.15
oracular
dne
noble
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jammy
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not-affected
bionic
dne
xenial
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linux-aws-5.3
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dne
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oracular
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ignored
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not-affected
trusty
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linux-gcp-4.15
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linux-gcp-5.11
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linux-gcp-5.13
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oracular
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bionic
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trusty
dne
linux-oracle-6.5
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-oracle-6.8
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
needed
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-raspi
oracular
needed
noble
needed
jammy
not-affected
focal
not-affected
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-raspi-5.4
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
dne
bionic
not-affected
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-raspi-realtime
oracular
dne
noble
needed
jammy
dne
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-raspi2
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
ignored
bionic
ignored
xenial
ignored
trusty
dne
linux-realtime
oracular
needed
noble
needed
jammy
not-affected
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv
oracular
needed
noble
needed
jammy
ignored
focal
ignored
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-5.11
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
ignored
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-5.15
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
not-affected
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-5.19
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-5.8
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
dne
focal
ignored
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-6.5
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-riscv-6.8
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
needed
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-starfive-5.19
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-starfive-6.2
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-starfive-6.5
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
ignored
focal
dne
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne
linux-xilinx-zynqmp
oracular
dne
noble
dne
jammy
not-affected
focal
not-affected
bionic
dne
xenial
dne
trusty
dne