CVE-2025-65855

17.12.2025, 17:15

The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.

Provider	Type	Base Score	Atk. Vector	Atk. Complexity	Priv. Required	Vector
NIST	NIST	6.6 MEDIUM	PHYSICAL	LOW	NONE	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
mitre	CNA	---				---
CISA-ADP	ADP	6.6 MEDIUM	PHYSICAL	LOW	NONE	CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Base Score

CVSS 3.x

EPSS Score

Percentile: Unknown

Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
The software transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.

References

https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v4.3.2/

https://luismirandaacebedo.github.io/CVE-2025-65855/